SMARTAIR

Self-guided Machine Learning Algorithms for Real-Time Assimilation, Interpolation and Rendering of Flow Data

Started
March 15, 2021
Status
Completed
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Abstract

The proposed project addresses several major challenges encountered in the assimilation of measurement data in aerodynamic testing.

Optimization plays a central role in the design of current and future transportation systems such as trains, airplanes or automobiles. The objective is to develop designs with reduced energy consumption, smaller environmental footprint and increased customer comfort. For this, numerical simulations and experimental tests are being performed, both with their own set of constraints such as turnover times and cost. The Institute of Fluid Dynamics (IFD) operates a wind tunnel for such testing, and the research is focused on the development of novel, efficient measurement techniques to enhance the science data return from such cost-intensive facilities.

The proposed project will focus on two central problems limiting the productivity of experimental aerodynamic test campaigns. Strategies using machine learning will be developed to dynamically assimilate acquired data into a global description of the flow field being measured. Predictive analysis of the data will be employed to direct the measurements process towards regions of significant information as the global knowledge evolves. The measurement time will be reduced relying on adaptive guidance based on real-time data interpretation. The software design will explicitly include the option of a human operator in the loop.

The collaboration between SDSC and IFD offers an attractive way to merge complementary competencies. The tasks of aerodynamic flow field reconstruction, uncertainty quantification and probe guidance will be broken down into distinct activities / work packages such as

  1. Development of learning algorithms for sparse flow data assimilation using physics-based constraint models;
  2. Real-time implementation of the software in a suitable computing infrastructure;
  3. Testing and evaluation of the complete hardware/software system in situ in the wind tunnel facility at IFD.

People

Collaborators

SDSC Team:
Victor Cohen
Fernando Perez-Cruz

PI | Partners:

ETH Zurich, Institute of Fluid Dynamics:

  • Prof. Thomas Rösgen
  • Julian Humml

More info

RUAG AG:

  • Andreas Hauser

More info

description

Motivation

Measuring the flow field surrounding an object using the probe system (Fig. 1) gives a continuous stream of data. Based on this data, the goal of this interactive procedure is the volumetric reconstruction of the mean properties (flow direction, magnitude) and derived quantities (vorticity, streamlines, etc.) of the flow field with the highest fidelity in minimal time. To do so, we aim at developing a machine learning method that can reconstruct the flow field based on the incoming data. In addition, we aim at reducing the experiment time using a machine learning tool identifying significant regions of interest where further acquisition will help to reduce the uncertainties and improve the information about the flow field.

Proposed Approach / Solution

The solution developed for this project is a probe sampling strategy along with a flow field reconstruction algorithm based on Gaussian process regression (Fig. 2). The solution requires minimal prior flow field knowledge and is fully autonomous. Simply place the object in the wind tunnel, and the active learning algorithm begins. Smartair measures the target domain until a predefined time limit or model certainty is reached, saving costs, energy, and human resources. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first machine learning based solution to measure flow fields using wind probe data, and its approach has the potential for broader flow field analysis. It has been implemented in the wind tunnel facility of the Institute of Fluid Dynamic at ETHZ.

Impact

The solution provides improvements on the flow field reconstruction process and the experiments performed in the wind tunnel facility show that we are able to reduce the overall measurement time. The autonomous aspect of the approach makes it easy to use within a wind tunnel facility.

Figure 1: Wind tunnel facility at ETH Zurich. a) Human-guided probe acquiring data behind an airplane shape b) Robot-guided probe within a given target domain (red box).
Figure 2: Experimental results on airplane shape. a) Probe trajectory of Smartair b) 2D cut of the reconstructed pressure field (Pa) c) Reconstruction 3D velocity field (m/s).

Gallery

Annexe

Bibliography

  1. Andreas Müller, Andrin Landolt and T.K. Rösgen (2012). Probe capture for quantitative flow visualization in large scale wind tunnels. 28th Aerodynamic Measurement Technology, Ground Testing, and Flight Testing Conference
  2. Andreas Müller (2017). Real-Time 3D Flow Visualization Technique with Large Scale Capability. PhD thesis, ETHZ collection.
  3. Andreas Müller (2017). Demonstration of a Real-Time 3D Flow Visualization Technique with Large Scale Capability. 52nd Annual SATA Conference

Publications

Humml, J. M.; Cohen, V.; Perez-Cruz, F.; Gharib, M.; Rösgen, T. "Augmented Reality Guided Aerodynamic Sampling" AIAA SCITECH 2024 Forum 2024 View publication
Humml, J. M.; Oshima, E.; O'Gara, S.; Rusch, A.; Gharib, M.; Lee, V.; Khodadoust, A. "Development of machine learning tools for aerospace design: wind tunnel investigations on a speed bump model" AIAA SCITECH 2024 Forum 2024 View publication

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